5962-9688401QEA Datasheet PDF - National Semiconductor
| Part Number | 5962-9688401QEA | |
| Description | 1A Low Dropout Regulator for 5V to 3.3V Conversion | |
| Manufacturers | National Semiconductor | |
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There is a preview and 5962-9688401QEA download ( pdf file ) link at the bottom of this page. Total 11 Pages | ||
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May 1999
LM3940
1A Low Dropout Regulator for 5V to 3.3V Conversion
General Description
The LM3940 is a 1A low dropout regulator designed to pro-
vide 3.3V from a 5V supply.
The LM3940 is ideally suited for systems which contain both
5V and 3.3V logic, with prime power provided from a 5V bus.
Because the LM3940 is a true low dropout regulator, it can
hold its 3.3V output in regulation with input voltages as low
as 4.5V.
The T0-220 package of the LM3940 means that in most ap-
plications the full 1A of load current can be delivered without
using an additional heatsink.
The surface mount TO-263 package uses minimum board
space, and gives excellent power dissipation capability when
soldered to a copper plane on the PC board.
Features
n Output voltage specified over temperature
n Excellent load regulation
n Guaranteed 1A output current
n Requires only one external component
n Built-in protection against excess temperature
n Short circuit protected
Applications
n Laptop/Desktop Computers
n Logic Systems
Typical Application
DS012080-1
*Required if regulator is located more than 1" from the power supply filter capacitor or if battery power is used.
**See Application Hints.
© 1999 National Semiconductor Corporation DS012080
www.national.com
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Application Hints
EXTERNAL CAPACITORS
The output capacitor is critical to maintaining regulator stabil-
ity, and must meet the required conditions for both ESR
(Equivalent Series Resistance) and minimum amount of ca-
pacitance.
MINIMUM CAPACITANCE:
The minimum output capacitance required to maintain stabil-
ity is 33 µF (this value may be increased without limit).
Larger values of output capacitance will give improved tran-
sient response.
ESR LIMITS:
The ESR of the output capacitor will cause loop instability if
it is too high or too low. The acceptable range of ESR plotted
versus load current is shown in the graph below. It is essen-
tial that the output capacitor meet these requirements,
or oscillations can result.
DS012080-5
FIGURE 1. ESR Limits
It is important to note that for most capacitors, ESR is speci-
fied only at room temperature. However, the designer must
ensure that the ESR will stay inside the limits shown over the
entire operating temperature range for the design.
For aluminum electrolytic capacitors, ESR will increase by
about 30X as the temperature is reduced from 25˚C to
−40˚C. This type of capacitor is not well-suited for low tem-
perature operation.
Solid tantalum capacitors have a more stable ESR over tem-
perature, but are more expensive than aluminum electrolyt-
ics. A cost-effective approach sometimes used is to parallel
an aluminum electrolytic with a solid Tantalum, with the total
capacitance split about 75/25% with the Aluminum being the
larger value.
If two capacitors are paralleled, the effective ESR is the par-
allel of the two individual values. The “flatter” ESR of the Tan-
talum will keep the effective ESR from rising as quickly at low
temperatures.
HEATSINKING
A heatsink may be required depending on the maximum
power dissipation and maximum ambient temperature of the
application. Under all possible operating conditions, the junc-
tion temperature must be within the range specified under
Absolute Maximum Ratings.
To determine if a heatsink is required, the power dissipated
by the regulator, PD, must be calculated.
The figure below shows the voltages and currents which are
present in the circuit, as well as the formula for calculating
the power dissipated in the regulator:
DS012080-6
IIN = IL + IG
PD = (VIN − VOUT) IL + (VIN) IG
FIGURE 2. Power Dissipation Diagram
The next parameter which must be calculated is the maxi-
mum allowable temperature rise, TR (max). This is calcu-
lated by using the formula:
TR (max) = TJ (max) − TA (max)
Where: TJ (max) is the maximum allowable junction tem-
perature, which is 125˚C for commercial
grade parts.
TA (max)
is the maximum ambient temperature
which will be encountered in the applica-
tion.
Using the calculated values for TR(max) and PD, the maxi-
mum allowable value for the junction-to-ambient thermal re-
sistance, θ(J−A), can now be found:
θ(J−A) = TR (max)/PD
IMPORTANT: If the maximum allowable value for θ(J−A) is
found to be ≥ 60˚C/W for the TO-220 package, ≥ 80˚C/W for
the TO-263 package, or ≥174˚C/W for the SOT-223 pack-
age, no heatsink is needed since the package alone will dis-
sipate enough heat to satisfy these requirements.
If the calculated value for θ(J−A)falls below these limits, a
heatsink is required.
HEATSINKING TO-220 PACKAGE PARTS
The TO-220 can be attached to a typical heatsink, or se-
cured to a copper plane on a PC board. If a copper plane is
to be used, the values of θ(J−A) will be the same as shown in
the next section for the TO-263.
5 www.national.com
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