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PDF AT76C402 Data sheet ( Hoja de datos )
| Número de pieza | AT76C402 | |
| Descripción | USB and Parallel Port Mode Integrated CMOS Imager | |
| Fabricantes | ATMEL Corporation | |
| Logotipo |  |
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Features
• Programmable Resolution, Active CMOS Imager for Video and Still Operation
• PC Plug-and-Play Capable in USB Mode
• Full 16-bit Digital Interface for Simple, Fast Transfer in Parallel-port Mode
• Low, Fixed-pattern Noise
• Triple 10-bit ADCs and Column-based CDS for High-quality Display
• High Fill Factor and Sensitivity without Microlens Distortions
• Available in Color or Black-and-White Versions
• Integrated AVR® 8-bit Advanced RISC Microcontroller for System Control
• Easy Register-based Programming Modes
• Region-of-Interest Image Scan Control for Digital Zoom and Metering
• On-board Color Offset and Gain Control
• On-board Gamma Lookup Table Available
• Full Power Control and Low-power Viewfinder Mode
• Master or Slave Mode Operation
Description
The Atmel AT76C402 is a complete image capture and processing system that has
been designed to give quality images using a standard interface with simple opera-
tion. This highly-integrated solution provides a product with reduced system cost and
rapid time-to-market.
The AT76C402 has two interface modes: USB and parallel port. Both use the device
as a slave. This datasheet covers USB mode only. See the “AT76C402 – Parallel Port
Mode” datasheet (Literature Number 1372) for parallel port mode pinouts and
operation.
The image capture core is a pixel array of 300 x 300 rectangular active pixels with a
high physical fill factor of 43% (without micro lenses). A vertical stripe RGB pastel
color filter is used with individual column-correlated double sampling (CDS) correction
circuitry to produce an exceptionally low level of fixed-pattern image noise (FPN). Indi-
vidual color gain and offset controls followed by a triple 10-bit analog-to-digital
converter further assure an even color response in the digitized images.
Region-of-Interest mode additionally allows the user to define on a frame-by-frame
basis the area of the imager to be read, enabling easy digital zoom or complex multi-
spot metering routines utilizing an external host.
The data path from the imager is through the gain/offset and ADC block and the
lookup table into a 1K x 8 FIFO. The value written into the FIFO is truncated to eight
bits. The data is then read by the AVR and passed either via the USB ping-pong FIFO
to a USB pad or via a custom 16-bit parallel port.
Timing and control is handled by an on-chip AVR 8-bit microcontroller and timing gen-
erator. The AVR executes firmware uploaded into an on-chip 4K x 16 SRAM via a
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) during device power-up. The SPI is designed to work
with off-chip EEPROM or Flash memory. The AVR uses an on-chip 2K x 8 SRAM
scratch pad for data operations.
In master mode the AVR controller still boots from an external EEPROM/Flash, but
writes the image data back through the SPI into the EEPROM/Flash. The AVR com-
municates control via the GPIO port which is connected externally. This provides a
lower component cost solution for applications which are not transfer time dependent.
Master mode is not described further in this datasheet.
USB and
Parallel Port
Mode Integrated
CMOS Imager
AT76C402 –
USB Mode
Preliminary
Rev. 1360A–06/00
1
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AT76C402 – USB
Figure 3. Board System Architecture – USB Mode (AT76C402 with External Components)
AVDD DVDD VDDAC
AGND DGND GNDAC
5V Supply
Image
Acquisition
Die
AT76C402
EE_CS
EE_SI
EE_SCLK
EE_SO
EEPROM
or
Flash
EE_PRGM
VDD
3
O_QAR
O_OAB
O_OAG
3
I_IAR
I_IAB
I_IAG
Optional
External
Gamma
Function
XIN XOUT
Crystal
IREF
GND
USB DATA +
USB DATA -
Image Camera System
Host
PC
1 pixel
(test)
300
pixels
6.0um
12um
(324, 310)
Image Sensor Array
9 pixels
(dark)
(0, 0)
21 pixels
(dark) Active 300 pixels + 2 pixels (R,G) pixels
(324, 0)
1 pixel
(test)
SPI USB
Port Port
33
EE_CS
EE_SI
EE_SOXOUTXIN LFT
EE_SCLK
EE_PRGM O_QAR I_IAR
DATA +
DATA -
O_OAB I_IAB
IREF O_OAG I_IAG
5
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AT76C402 – USB
Figure 10. Timing Diagram Showing Internal CDS Operation for Moving Blade Mode
Column Clamp
Row Reset(309:0)
0’s
2r 2r
0’s
0’s
Row Select(309:0) 2r-1
2r
Column Power
Reset Sample
Pixel Reset
Sample
Pixel Signal
Sample
Column(107:0)
2c+m
2c 2c+1 2c+2
Pixel Signal
Level
Pixel Reset
Level
Again, a region of interest can be defined using the start
and end values for the row and column as defined in the
AVR I/O space. The reset register for the row in this case
needs to be defined and the value between this and the
select row register is the exposure line. The exposure can
be calculated as:
Exposure (ms) = Row Blanking Period + Row Read Period × (RST_START_ROW – SEL_START_ROW )
For the first frame valid data is not available until the pro-
grammed exposure period for the first line has been
reached. During this period, the last n (where n is the num-
ber of lines of the exposure) lines of the imager are read
out followed by the first frame sync. As these lines will have
been reset at an indeterminate time, the data obtained will
be random. To establish the true start of the image, the
user should flush the first frame. Subsequent frames of
image will contain full valid data as the reset and read
points will smoothly wrap around the imager.
After the latency determined by the exposure programmed
into the register, real image data is available at the output.
11
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| Páginas | Total 38 Páginas | |
| PDF Descargar | [ Datasheet AT76C402.PDF ] | |
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